Marine energy refers to the renewable energy harnessed from the sea, including various forms such as tidal energy, wave energy, ocean thermal energy, and salinity gradient energy. It leverages natural processes and movements in the ocean to generate power. Tidal energy relies on the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, creating tidal movements that can be captured using underwater turbines or barrages. Wave energy exploits the surface motion of the ocean’s waves to generate electricity through different technologies, including oscillating water columns and point absorbers. Ocean thermal energy harnesses the temperature difference between warmer surface water and colder deep water to produce energy, often through specialized heat engines. Salinity gradient energy, also known as blue energy, harnesses the energy available from the difference in salt concentration between seawater and freshwater. Marine energy is considered a sustainable energy source because it is continuously replenished by natural processes, making it an increasingly important focus for reducing reliance on fossil fuels and mitigating climate change impacts.
Marine wind energy development is crucial for Spain’s energy transition goals, aiming to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and meet greenhouse gas emission reduction commitments. However, current planning lacks proper…